Manual Ref* | NFsnHA001 Show 3 images | 94 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Title* |
Hardley Cross |
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County | Norfolk | District Council | South Norfolk | |||||||||||||||||||||
Civil Parish or equivalent | Hardley | Town/Village* | Hardley Street | |||||||||||||||||||||
Road | River Yare | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Precise Location | On bank where River Chet joins the Yare | |||||||||||||||||||||||
OS Grid Ref | TG400011 | Postcode | NR14 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Setting | On river bank | Access | Public | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Commissioned by |
Norwich City Council probably with Cuthbert Brereton | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Design & Constrn period |
Probably 1576 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Date of installing |
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Owner/Custodian |
Norwich City Council | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Listing status |
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Surface Condition |
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Structural Condition |
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Vandalism |
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Signatures/Marks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Inscriptions | On shaft facing Yare: Repaired A.D. 1834 P. Barnes Architect Metal plaque set beneath: City of Norwich. This cross was repaired and fenced in 1899. George Henry Morse Mayor; Geo C.B. Kennett, Town Clerk; Sir Harry Bullard Kt. M.P Chairman of Tonnage and navigation Committee. Arthur E. Collins M.I.C.E City Engineer On metal plaque at base: Hardley Cross. This cross marks the ancient boundary of the jurisdiction of the navigation/ of the City of Norwich and the Borough of Great Yarmouth/ on the River Yare. Probably marking the original limit of Breydon Water, it was confirmed for Norwich by a Charter of Philip and Mary of July 1556. Restored 1971 On shaft to west: Repaired A/D/ 1820. Reparata Tempore Thomae Hickering Armigeri Maioris Civitatis Nor 1676 (repaired in the time of Thomas Hickering Senior Squire of Norwich 1676) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Description (physical) |
Square column rising on two steps. Capital decorated with with four shields including one of the City of Norwich and Borough of Yarmouth, another a cross and the final two displaying a pair of horizontal bars, the arms of the Brereton family (as noted by Tony Sims) as displayed on their family memorial at Briningham. The family had Norwich connections as Cuthbert Brereton with his wife Joan is noted in a document at the NRO dated 1584 when he feoffed part of a tenement in St Peter Mancroft to Thomas Snowdon and in 1576 he had been one of two sheriffs, together with Francis Morley, when Thomas Layer was mayor. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Description (iconographical) |
In 1543 Norwich established a water bailiff to collect dues on the traffic to and from Great Yarmouth, who was paid by goods which had been traded without paying the necessary dues and had been seized. The City's control was confirmed, as the inscription shows, in 1556. Hardley Cross is typical of medieval boundary markers, except for its position at the junction of the rivers Chet and Yare to mark the limit of the City of Norwich's control over the navigation on the Yare, crucial for trade with Great Yarmouth and hence the wider world. It has had a chequered career and the prominence of the Brereton coats of arms suggests that the City only got round to setting up a permanent marker in 1576 when as sheriff Cuthbert Brereton must have been responsible for the bulk of the funding. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Photographs |
Date taken:
4/6/2006
Date logged: |
Photographed by: |
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On Site Inspection |
Date: 4/6/2006 |
Inspected by: |
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Sources and References |
BOE 2 381; www.the-plunketts.freeserve.co.uk 03/02/06; Chambers, J., A general history of the county of Norfolk, Norwich, 1829, p. lxxii footnote; access to archives, accessed 04/12/2009; The history of the city and county of Norwich from the accounts to the present time, Printed by John Crouse and sold by M. Booth, 1768 p. 360, accessed through Google Nooks, 05/12/2009; Information on the Brereton Family from Michael Sandford, michael@sandfordfamily.org.uk | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Database |
Date entered: 2/6/2006 |
Data inputter: |